How Much Is a Flight to Spain? (2026 Data)
Round-trip fares from the US to Spain by city, month and US state, the taxes in every ticket, and 36 years of official US-Spain air traffic data.
- Published
- Updated
- 76 sources
- 149 statistics
- 11 min read
- Airline captain, 12,000+ flight hours
- Former airline Head of Flight Safety
- Master's in air transport management
- Former federal consular-fee policy analyst
- Credentialed actuary
- 18 years in travel-insurance underwriting
Key findings
- $747A round-trip flight from the US to Spain averages $747 in fare searches from the past month.
- $411November has the lowest monthly median round trip from the US to Spain as published, $411.
- $927Palma de Mallorca has the highest average round trip of Spain's four main airports, $927; Madrid the lowest, $747.
- 5.64 millionNonstop flights between the US and Spain carried 5.64 million passengers in 2025, the most in 36 years.
- 96.5%Madrid and Barcelona handled 96.5% of nonstop US-Spain flights in 2025.
- 65.9%Iberia and American together carried 65.9% of nonstop US-Spain passengers in 2025.
- $96.87Taxes and charges add at least $96.87 to a round trip that returns from Madrid.
So how much is a flight to Spain from the USA? Right now a round trip averages about $7471, counting every US departure airport and every Spanish arrival airport, based on prices seen over the past month. The month you travel moves that price more than anything else: the median round trip runs from $4111 in November to $6611 in June. The Spanish city you land in matters too, and so does the fixed block of taxes and airport charges inside every ticket.
Demand is at a 36-year high. 5.64 million2 passengers flew nonstop between the US and Spain in 2025, the most in 36 years of official data and 15.1%3 more than in 2019. Below: fares by Spanish city, month and US state, flight times, the taxes and charges in a ticket, traffic since 1990, and the airports, routes and airlines that carry the load.
The average fare to Spain in 2026
Round trips from the US to Spain averaged $7471 in fare searches over the past month, as of September 27, 2026. That figure covers all US origins and all Spanish airports, with the cabin mix not stated, so it describes what travelers have been seeing, not a quote for the next search.1 Over a full year, the four main Spanish airports sit between $7474 and $9275. Those city figures cover the past 12 months, so they are compared with one another, not with the one-month country average.
- Palma de Mallorca is the most expensive at $927.
- Madrid is the cheapest at $747.
- Palma costs $180 more than Madrid.
How much is a flight to Madrid?
Madrid averages $7474 for a round trip from the US over the past 12 months, the lowest of the four cities. By monthly median, February is the cheapest month at $5454 and June the most expensive at $1,0904, a spread of $5453. Tuesday departures average $7254 and night flights $7394; booking inside the last two weeks costs about 7%4 more.4 Madrid is also where most of the nonstop service goes: Madrid-Barajas handled 61.8%3 of all US-Spain passengers in 2025.2
How much is a flight to Barcelona?
Barcelona averages $7936, $463 more than Madrid. January is its cheapest month by median ($5436) and June its priciest ($1,1326), the widest swing of the four at $5893.6 Tuesday is again the cheapest day, at an average of $7856. Barcelona-El Prat is the second US gateway in Spain, with 2,054,5422 nonstop passengers in 2025, 20.1%3 more than in 2019.
How much is a flight to Malaga?
Malaga, the airport for the Costa del Sol, averages $8377, $903 above Madrid. February is the cheapest month at a median of $6017 and June the dearest at $1,1287; a last-minute booking costs about 13%7 more.7 Nonstop traffic is small but growing: 43,4312 passengers in 2025, up from 28,5422 in 2019.2
How much is a flight to Mallorca?
Palma de Mallorca, the island's airport, is the most expensive of the four at $9275, or 1.243 times the Madrid average. Its cheapest month is January ($6835) and its priciest June ($1,1585); it is the only one of the four where Wednesday, not Tuesday, is the cheapest day, at $8765, and booking late costs about 14%5 more.5 Palma's nonstop US traffic is new: 232 passengers in 2019 against 30,6372 in 2025.2 The table sets out the best and worst times to fly to each city.
| Madrid (MAD) | February ($545) | June ($1,090), July ($981) | Tuesday ($725) | Night ($739) | +7% |
| Barcelona (BCN) | January ($543) | June ($1,132), July ($998) | Tuesday ($785) | Night ($732) | +10% |
| Malaga (AGP) | February ($601) | June ($1,128), July ($1,079) | Tuesday ($816) | Night ($823) | +13% |
| Palma de Mallorca (PMI) | January ($683) | June ($1,158), July ($1,112) | Wednesday ($876) | Night ($892) | +14% |
Two patterns hold for all four cities. June is the most expensive month everywhere and July the second, while the cheapest month is January or February.46 Night departures are the cheapest time of day in every city, and the last-minute premium grows from Madrid to the smaller airports.75
The cheapest time to fly to Spain
Measured as the median round trip over the past year, November is the cheapest month to fly from the US to Spain at $4111, followed by October at $4211 and February at $4231. June is the most expensive at $6611, and May comes second at $5731.1 A June ticket costs 1.613 times a November one, $2503 more.
- 439JanJ
- 423FebF
- 500MarM
- 494AprA
- 573MayM
- 661JunJ
- 486JulJ
- 475AugA
- 490SepS
- 421OctO
- 411NovN
- 510DecD
- June is the priciest month at $661.
- November is the cheapest at $411.
- June costs $250 more than November.
High summer is cheaper than the late spring peak: the July and August medians, $4861 and $4751, sit well below June's, and September, at $4901, is close to them.1 The monthly medians and the $7471 average come from different periods and price sets and are not compared with each other.
In 2025, August was the busiest month for traffic, with 624,8932 passengers between the US and Spain, and February the quietest, with 253,4362: 2.473 times as many in August as in February.2 June to September together carried 43.1%3 of the year's passengers.
- 297,378JanJ
- 253,436FebF
- 372,286MarM
- 463,993AprA
- 547,150MayM
- 610,768JunJ
- 610,712JulJ
- 624,893AugA
- 583,826SepS
- 527,147OctO
- 390,963NovN
- 358,116DecD
- August was the busiest month with 624,893 passengers.
- February was the quietest with 253,436.
- August carried 371,457 more passengers than February.
After September, traffic fell every month, to 358,1162 passengers in December.2 LEVEL's filings from July 2025 repeat Iberia's Barcelona flights and are left out; LEVEL has no August filing. Air Europa filed no December figures, so the December total is slightly understated.
Nonstop routes and how long the flight takes
The flight is shorter than many travelers expect. The shortest nonstop overall, Boston to Madrid, averages 6h 50m1.1 From the Northeast, Madrid is about seven hours away; from the West Coast, Barcelona takes more than ten.
| Madrid (MAD) | New York | 7h 00m |
| Madrid (MAD) | Philadelphia | 7h 05m |
| Barcelona (BCN) | Philadelphia | 7h 30m |
| Malaga (AGP) | New York | 7h 30m |
| Madrid (MAD) | Washington, D.C. | 7h 35m |
| Madrid (MAD) | Charlotte | 7h 40m |
| Barcelona (BCN) | Washington, D.C. | 7h 45m |
| Palma de Mallorca (PMI) | New York | 8h 00m |
| Madrid (MAD) | Miami | 8h 15m |
| Barcelona (BCN) | Miami | 8h 50m |
| Barcelona (BCN) | Seattle | 10h 35m |
| Barcelona (BCN) | Los Angeles | 11h 25m |
New York to Madrid is the fastest in the table at 7h 00m4 and Los Angeles to Barcelona the longest at 11h 25m6.46 Malaga and Palma de Mallorca each have a New York nonstop, of 7h 30m7 and 8h 00m5.75
Official traffic counts show where these flights start. New York JFK was the busiest US gateway to Spain in 2025, with 1,280,8562 passengers to and from all Spanish airports, 22.7%3 of the total, ahead of Miami (967,6502) and Chicago O'Hare (443,8702).2 Together those three handled 47.7%3.
- New York JFK led with 1,280,856 passengers.
- Miami followed with 967,650.
- Charlotte had 176,216.
Several gateways have grown fast since 2019. Washington Dulles carried 2.613 times as many Spain passengers in 2025 as in 2019 and San Juan, Puerto Rico, 3.163 times as many; Chicago O'Hare grew 1.453-fold. JFK, Newark and Los Angeles carried fewer Spain passengers than in 2019, at 0.903, 0.873 and 0.743 times their 2019 levels.2
Taxes and fees inside a Spain ticket
Counting the facility charge at its maximum, a nonstop round trip between the US and Spain carries $75.133 in US taxes and fees: the international departure and arrival taxes of $23.408 each, a $5.609 security fee, a $7.3910 customs fee, a $7.0011 immigration fee, a $3.8412 agricultural inspection fee and a Passenger Facility Charge of up to $4.5013 for the one boarding at a US airport.81114 The return flight boards in Spain, so it adds no second facility charge. Two of the fees rise on October 1, 2026: the customs fee to $7.6115 and the agricultural fee to $3.9812 for tickets bought from that date, which lifts the US total to $75.493.
| International departure tax | Leaving the US | 23.40 | 23.40 |
| International arrival tax | Arriving in the US | 23.40 | 23.40 |
| September 11 Security Fee | Trip starting at a US airport | 5.60 | 5.60 |
| Customs passenger fee | Arriving in the US | 7.39 | 7.61 |
| Immigration user fee | Arriving in the US | 7.00 | 7.00 |
| Agricultural inspection fee | Arriving in the US | 3.84 | 3.98 |
| Passenger Facility Charge (maximum) | Boarding at a US airport | 4.50 | 4.50 |
| Total | Round trip | 75.13 | 75.49 |
Spain's side comes from the airport operator. On the way home, each passenger leaving on an international flight pays a passenger service charge of at least €18.9616 at Madrid-Barajas, about $21.743, and at least €15.2616 at Barcelona-El Prat, about $17.493, at 1.146417 dollars per euro.1617 These are minimums: they are the passenger component only, and the separate charges for security and for assistance to passengers with reduced mobility are not broken out for those two airports. The 2026 rates include a 6.44%18 system-wide increase approved by Spain's competition regulator.18
| Madrid-Barajas | 13.39 | 18.96 | 21.74 |
| Barcelona-El Prat | 12.47 | 15.26 | 17.49 |
| Alicante, Gran Canaria, Tenerife South, Malaga, Palma de Mallorca | 5.57 | 8.37 | 9.60 |
Malaga and Palma de Mallorca charge much less, €8.3716 or about $9.603 per departing international passenger; at Palma the passenger and security charges are 20%16 lower from November to March. Passengers connecting on the same ticket within 12 hours get a 40%16 reduction.16 Added up, a round trip that returns from Madrid carries at least $96.873 in taxes and charges and one returning from Barcelona at least $92.623, a gap of $4.253. The table shows both totals now and from October 1, 2026.
| Madrid-Barajas | Now | 75.13 | 21.74 | 96.87 |
| Madrid-Barajas | From Oct 1, 2026 | 75.49 | 21.74 | 97.23 |
| Barcelona-El Prat | Now | 75.13 | 17.49 | 92.62 |
| Barcelona-El Prat | From Oct 1, 2026 | 75.49 | 17.49 | 92.98 |
Via Madrid, those charges equal 13.0%3 of the $7474 Madrid average fare; via Barcelona, 11.7%3 of the $7936 Barcelona average.46 Carrier-imposed surcharges are part of the fare, not of these charges.
How many people fly between the US and Spain
Nonstop traffic between the US and Spain reached 5.64 million2 passengers in 2025, the highest in 36 years of data and 15.1%3 above 2019.2 The route carried 4.903 times as many passengers as in 1990, when 1,152,2942 flew it. Growth came in steps: a first high of 1.89 million2 in 2000, a fall of 12.0%3 in 2001, a slow climb through the 2000s, then a steep rise from 2015 to 4.90 million2 in 2019. The chart leaves out 2020-2022, when the pandemic cut traffic to 14.0%3 of its 2019 level in 2020.
Projection: linear trend of 1990–2025 yearly values, 95% prediction range. Our calculation, not a forecast.
- 2025 had the most passengers, 5,640,668.
- 1990 had 1,152,294.
- 2019 had 4,902,421.
The straight-line trend through these years, extended to 2050, is our calculation, not a forecast: it shows where the long-run pace would lead, and the recent climb has run above it. From July 2025 the airline LEVEL filed the same Barcelona flights that Iberia files, month by month; those duplicate rows are left out, so each flight is counted once. LEVEL has no August 2025 filing.
The number of flights tells the same story. There were 24,5682 nonstop passenger-service flights between the two countries in 2025, about 67.33 a day across both directions and 20.4%3 more than in 2019.2 That is 4.343 times the 5,6562 flights of 1990. All-cargo flights are left out.
Projection: linear trend of 1990–2025 yearly values, 95% prediction range. Our calculation, not a forecast.
- 2025 had 24,568 flights.
- 1990 had 5,656.
- 2019 had 20,403 flights.
Our calculation of passengers per flight divides passengers by flights each year; it does not show how full the planes are. In 2025 the average nonstop carried 229.63 passengers, below the 2019 high of 240.33 and above the 203.73 of 1990.2 Where do these passengers land in Spain, and which airlines fly them?
Gateways and airlines
Which Spanish airport handles the most US traffic?
Madrid-Barajas dominates. It handled 3,485,3992 passengers on nonstop US flights in 2025, 61.8%3 of the total, and Barcelona-El Prat 2,054,5422.2 Together the two airports handled 96.5%3 of all US-Spain flights. Malaga, Palma de Mallorca, Bilbao and Tenerife South shared the rest.
- Madrid-Barajas (MAD) led with 3,485,399 passengers.
- Barcelona-El Prat (BCN) followed with 2,054,542.
- Tenerife South (TFS) had 11,512.
Behind the totals are very different operations. Madrid's 14,9952 flights averaged 232.43 passengers each in 2025 and Barcelona's 235.83, while Tenerife South averaged 103.73, a figure that mixes airline flights with small business jets.2 Barcelona grew fastest of the big two, up 20.1%3 since 2019 against 10.2%3 for Madrid. The table adds the 2019 baseline.
| Madrid-Barajas (MAD) | 3,162,348 | 14,995 | 232.4 | +10.2% |
| Barcelona-El Prat (BCN) | 1,711,009 | 8,712 | 235.8 | +20.1% |
| Malaga (AGP) | 28,542 | 332 | 130.8 | +52.2% |
| Palma de Mallorca (PMI) | 23 | 199 | 154.0 | n/a |
| Bilbao (BIO) | 12 | 107 | 136.7 | n/a |
| Tenerife South (TFS) | 43 | 111 | 103.7 | n/a |
For travelers the map is more useful than the airport list: it shows what the round trip to Madrid costs from each state's main airport. It runs from $64819 from New York to $1,33520 from Kansas, a gap of $6873; 163 of the 453 states with a published average come in under $800.1920
- New York is cheapest at $648.
- Kansas is dearest at $1,335.
- 16 of 45 states average under $800.
Which routes carry the most passengers?
The busiest single route-airline pair in 2025 was New York JFK to Madrid on Iberia, with 351,6622 passengers, 6.2%3 of all US-Spain traffic, just ahead of Miami to Madrid on Iberia (343,2662).2 San Juan to Madrid on Iberia came third, with 215,3192. Only Barcelona joins Madrid among the Spanish ends of the 20 busiest pairs.
| 1 | New York JFK | Madrid | Iberia | 351,662 | 1,382 |
| 2 | Miami | Madrid | Iberia | 343,266 | 1,304 |
| 3 | San Juan | Madrid | Iberia | 215,319 | 872 |
| 4 | New York JFK | Barcelona | Delta | 201,128 | 866 |
| 5 | Miami | Madrid | Air Europa | 198,971 | 669 |
| 6 | Atlanta | Barcelona | Delta | 195,301 | 805 |
| 7 | Dallas/Fort Worth | Madrid | American | 184,008 | 724 |
| 8 | Miami | Madrid | American | 182,418 | 723 |
| 9 | New York JFK | Barcelona | Iberia | 177,963 | 591 |
| 10 | Charlotte | Madrid | American | 175,554 | 724 |
| 11 | Newark | Barcelona | United | 174,235 | 720 |
| 12 | Chicago O'Hare | Madrid | Iberia | 172,749 | 698 |
| 13 | New York JFK | Madrid | Delta | 171,078 | 726 |
| 14 | Miami | Barcelona | American | 161,509 | 719 |
| 15 | Boston | Madrid | Iberia | 159,989 | 1,027 |
| 16 | New York JFK | Madrid | American | 156,813 | 630 |
| 17 | Atlanta | Madrid | Delta | 156,021 | 653 |
| 18 | Philadelphia | Barcelona | American | 153,588 | 708 |
| 19 | Philadelphia | Madrid | American | 146,742 | 719 |
| 20 | Newark | Madrid | United | 146,096 | 725 |
Which airline carries the most passengers?
Iberia carried 2,175,0672 US-Spain passengers in 2025, 38.6%3 of the total, ahead of American (27.3%3), United (14.4%3) and Delta (13.4%3).2 Iberia and American together carried 65.9%3; among the others, Air Europa had 5.6%3.
- Iberia2,175,06738.6%
- American1,540,85127.3%
- United813,28414.4%
- Delta754,53613.4%
- Other airlines356,9306.3%
- Iberia carried 2,175,067 passengers.
- American carried 1,540,851.
- All other airlines carried 356,930.
Four airlines, Iberia, American, United and Delta, carried 93.7%3 of the traffic.2 Air Europa filed no December 2025 figures, so its share is slightly understated.
How big are Spain's airports overall
Spain's airport network handled 321.6 million64 passengers of all origins in 2025, and Madrid-Barajas alone 68,179,05464.64 Madrid and Barcelona together handled 39.1%3 of the national total. About 83.2%65 of all tourists arriving in Spain in 2025 came by plane.65
| Madrid-Barajas | 68,179,054 | +3.0% |
| Barcelona-El Prat | 57,483,036 | +4.4% |
| Palma de Mallorca | 33,806,427 | +1.5% |
| Malaga-Costa del Sol | 26,760,549 | +7.4% |
| Spain network total | 321,587,316 | +3.9% |
The network's recovery from the pandemic was steep. Traffic fell to 76.1 million66 in 2020, 72.4%3 below 2019, and by 2025 was 16.8%3 above the 2019 level of 275.2 million67.6766
| 2019 | 275,237,801 |
| 2020 | 76,064,322 |
| 2021 | 119,959,671 |
| 2022 | 243,681,775 |
| 2023 | 283,195,399 |
| 2024 | 309,332,069 |
| 2025 | 321,587,316 |
What these numbers mean for your trip
For a family of four, the calendar alone is worth real money. Four tickets at the $4111 November median come to $1,6443; four at June's $6611 median come to $2,6443, $1,0003 more. At the current $7471 average, four tickets cost $2,9883.1 Of every ticket, at least $96.873 per person via Madrid is taxes and charges that no sale removes, $387.483 for four adults.
Where you start matters as much. The Northeast has the lowest averages to Madrid: $64819 from New York JFK and $65446 from Newark.1946 Kansas is the dearest at $1,33520.
| New York | New York John F Kennedy (JFK) | 648 | January ($422) |
| New Jersey | Newark (EWR) | 654 | February ($458) |
| Massachusetts | Boston (BOS) | 688 | January ($523) |
| Maryland | Baltimore (BWI) | 695 | January ($543) |
| Florida | Orlando (MCO) | 721 | February ($521) |
| Alaska | Anchorage (ANC) | 1,002 | September ($662) |
| Georgia | Atlanta (ATL) | 1,011 | January ($680) |
| Iowa | Des Moines (DSM) | 1,056 | April ($628) |
| North Dakota | Fargo (FAR) | 1,057 | August ($389) |
| Kansas | Wichita (ICT) | 1,335 | April ($669) |
The cheapest combination on this page stacks the patterns: a November or late-winter trip, an early-week or night departure, from a Northeast airport into Madrid.14 June has the highest monthly median fare, $6611.1
How Spain compares with other destinations
Measured the same way, over the past month, Spain's $7471 is the lowest of six popular European destinations from the US. The United Kingdom ($82072) is next; Italy, at $93773, costs $1903 more.7273
- Italy is the most expensive at $937.
- Spain is the cheapest at $747.
- Spain costs $73 less than the United Kingdom.
FAQ
When do fares to Spain bottom out?
November, with a median round trip of $411 from the US; June is the most expensive at $661.1
Which Spanish city costs the least to fly into from the US?
How long is the flight from the US to Spain?
Are there nonstop flights from the US to the Canary or Balearic Islands?
Only a few: Tenerife South handled 11,512 nonstop US passengers in 2025 and Palma de Mallorca 30,637, against 3,485,399 at Madrid.2
Which airline flies the most passengers between the US and Spain?
Iberia, with 2,175,067 passengers in 2025, followed by American, United and Delta.2
Conclusions
- The month sets the price. The median round trip runs from $4111 in November to $6611 in June, and all four main Spanish cities are dearest in June.
- Madrid is the cheapest and busiest door. It has the lowest 12-month average of the four cities, $7474, and with Barcelona handles 96.5%3 of US-Spain flights.
- Demand is the highest in 36 years. 5.64 million2 passengers flew nonstop in 2025, 15.1%3 above 2019.
- Two airlines carry most travelers. Iberia and American had 65.9%3 of 2025 passengers.
- At least $96.873 of a Madrid round trip is fixed, $97.233 from October 1, 2026. US taxes and fees and Madrid's passenger charge equal about 13.0%3 of the $7474 Madrid average.
- Your home state moves the fare. The average round trip to Madrid runs from $64819 from New York to $1,33520 from Kansas.
Methodology
- Fares: prices seen up to September 27, 2026; four Spanish cities, 45 US states, six European countries in the comparison.
- Traffic: 1990-2025, yearly; 2019 and 2025 by Spanish and US airport; 2025 by month, route and airline. Spain's airport network: 2019-2025.
Definition. Fares are average round-trip prices published on commercial fare-search route pages for flights from the United States to Spain (all US departure airports; cabin mix not stated). The Spain-wide average covers the past month of prices; city and state averages cover the past 12 months (all fetched September 27, 2026). Monthly figures are medians after the top 0.1% of prices is removed, labelled as published (round trip). Averages and medians are different statistics and are never subtracted from each other. Traffic counts are passengers and departures on nonstop scheduled and charter passenger-service flights between US and Spanish airports, both directions, all nationalities; connecting passengers count on their nonstop segment only. All-cargo carriers are left out row by row.
Data sources. Commercial fare-search route pages (KAYAK, labelled commercial): Spain country page, four city pages and 45 state-airport pages fetched September 27, 2026, comparison country pages September 25-26, 2026; US Department of Transportation T-100 International Segment (all 36 years 1990-2025); tax and fee rates from IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32, 49 CFR 1510, CBP Dec. 25-10 and CBP Dec. 26-14, 7 CFR 354.3, 8 U.S.C. 1356(d), 14 CFR 158 and the FAA; Spanish airport charges from Aena's 2026 tariff guide and the CNMC; Spain's airport totals from Aena's year-end releases; tourist arrivals by plane from INE (FRONTUR); Federal Reserve H.10 exchange rate.
Calculations. Passengers per flight, shares, changes and sums are our arithmetic. The 2026 Spanish airport charges are converted at 1.1464 dollars per euro (Federal Reserve H.10, September 18, 2026). The Passenger Facility Charge is counted once, at its $4.50 maximum, for the one US boarding on a nonstop round trip. Trend lines on yearly charts are ordinary least-squares straight lines fitted to 1990-2025 with 2020-2022 left out, extended to 2050 with a 95% prediction range: our calculation, not a forecast.
Limitations. Commercial fare averages have no stated sample size or cabin mix and change daily; figures from different parts of the fare pages (country, city, month, state) come from different sets of prices and are not like-for-like. Traffic counts include non-US passengers and count each direction separately, so they are not the number of Americans visiting Spain. LEVEL's 2025 filings duplicate Iberia's Barcelona flights and are left out (LEVEL has no August filing); Air Europa filed no December 2025 figures, so 2025 is slightly understated. The Spanish airport charge is the passenger component only, so the combined totals are minimums. Carrier-imposed surcharges are part of the fare. The US customs fee rises to $7.61 and the agricultural inspection fee to $3.98 on October 1, 2026.
Sources
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- Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia. “La CNMC aprueba un incremento del 6,44% de las tarifas de Aena en 2026.” CNMC, 2025-11-20. cnmc.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from New York JFK to Madrid (JFK - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Wichita to Madrid (ICT - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Birmingham to Madrid (BHM - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Anchorage to Madrid (ANC - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Phoenix to Madrid (PHX - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Little Rock to Madrid (LIT - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Los Angeles to Madrid (LAX - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Denver to Madrid (DEN - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Hartford to Madrid (BDL - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Orlando to Madrid (MCO - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Atlanta to Madrid (ATL - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Honolulu to Madrid (HNL - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Boise to Madrid (BOI - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Chicago O'Hare to Madrid (ORD - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Indianapolis to Madrid (IND - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Des Moines to Madrid (DSM - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Cincinnati to Madrid (CVG - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from New Orleans to Madrid (MSY - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Baltimore to Madrid (BWI - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Boston to Madrid (BOS - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Detroit to Madrid (DTW - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Minneapolis to Madrid (MSP - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Jackson to Madrid (JAN - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from St. Louis to Madrid (STL - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Bozeman to Madrid (BZN - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Omaha to Madrid (OMA - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Las Vegas to Madrid (LAS - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Newark Airport to Madrid (EWR - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Albuquerque to Madrid (ABQ - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Charlotte to Madrid (CLT - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Fargo to Madrid (FAR - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Cleveland to Madrid (CLE - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Oklahoma City to Madrid (OKC - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Portland to Madrid (PDX - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Philadelphia to Madrid (PHL - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Charleston to Madrid (CHS - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Sioux Falls to Madrid (FSD - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Nashville to Madrid (BNA - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Dallas Fort Worth to Madrid (DFW - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Salt Lake City to Madrid (SLC - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Burlington to Madrid (BTV - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Washington Dulles to Madrid (IAD - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Seattle to Madrid (SEA - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Milwaukee to Madrid (MKE - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap Flights from Jackson to Madrid (JAC - MAD).” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-27. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Aena Group airports exceed 384.8 million passengers in 2025.” Aena, 2026-01. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Instituto Nacional de Estadística. “Movimientos Turísticos en Fronteras (FRONTUR): tourists by access route, national total.” INE, 2026. servicios.ine.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Passenger traffic at airports in the Aena network is down by 72.4% due to the travel restrictions resulting from COVID-19.” Aena, 2021-01-13. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Los aeropuertos de la red de Aena cierran 2019 con más de 275,2 millones de pasajeros.” Aena, 2020-01. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Los aeropuertos de la red de Aena cierran 2021 con una recuperación del 43,6% del tráfico de 2019 y registran casi 120 millones de pasajeros.” Aena, 2022-01. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Aena's network airports close 2022 with a 88.5% recovery of 2019 traffic and over 243.6 million passengers.” Aena, 2023-01. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Aena airports in Spain close 2023 with more than 283 million passengers.” Aena, 2024-01. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- Aena S.M.E., S.A. “Aena Group airports recorded over 369.4 million passengers in 2024.” Aena, 2025-01. aena.es. Accessed 2026-09-27. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap flights from the United States to the United Kingdom.” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-26. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-26. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap flights from the United States to Italy.” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-25. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-25. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap flights from the United States to France.” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-26. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-26. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap flights from the United States to Germany.” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-26. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-26. Back to text
- KAYAK. “Cheap flights from the United States to Greece.” KAYAK (commercial fare-search data), 2026-09-26. kayak.com. Accessed 2026-09-26. Back to text
About the author
Helen Askew writes the publication's aviation coverage, from airline reliability rankings to fare and fee analysis. She flew for 21 years as a commercial pilot, the last eight as a captain on wide-body long-haul routes, accumulating more than 12,000 flight hours on both major narrow-body and wide-body aircraft families. Off the flight deck, Helen served as Head of Flight Safety for a major European carrier, where she ran the airline's safety-management system, led incident investigations and represented the company in working groups with national and regional aviation regulators. She holds a master's degree in air transport management and is a fellow of a leading aeronautical professional society. Her writing draws on primary data (regulator filings, operational performance reports and airline financial disclosures) rather than press releases. She is regularly quoted by trade and consumer media on airline safety, cancellations and passenger rights.
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